The pedal spindle is threaded to match a threaded hole at the outboard end of the cranks. Multi-piece cranks have a 9⁄16-inch (14.2875 mm) hole with 20 TPI (a diameter/pitch combination fairly unique to this application). One-piece cranks use a 1⁄2-inch (12.7 mm) by 20 TPI hole. French pedal spindles use M14 x 1.25
(14 mm or 0.55 in metric diameter with 1.25 mm or 0.049 in pitch)
threads, and thread loosely into a 9/16 pedal hole. The threading size
is often stamped into the crank, near the pedal hole. The right-side
(usually the drive-side) pedal spindle is right-hand threaded, and the
left-side (usually the non-drive-side) pedal spindle is left-hand
(reverse) threaded to help prevent it from becoming loose by an effect
called precession.[12][13] Although the left pedal turns clockwise
on its bearing relative to the crank (and so would seem to tighten a
right-hand thread), the force from the rider's foot presses the spindle
against the crank thread at a point which rolls around clockwise with
respect to the crank, thus slowly pulling the outside of the pedal
spindle anticlockwise (counterclockwise) because of friction and thus
would loosen a right-hand thread. For a short time in the early 1980s, Shimano
made pedals and matching cranks that had a 1-inch (25.4 mm) by 24 TPI
interface. This was to allow a larger single bearing, as these pedals
were designed to work with just one bearing on the crank side rather
than the conventional design of one smaller bearing on each side.[1http://gengwg.blogspot.com/
Last updated 4 Aug 11 Course Title: OWASP Top 10 Threats and Mitigation Exam Questions - Single Select 1) Which of the following consequences is most likely to occur due to an injection attack? Spoofing Cross-site request forgery Denial of service Correct Insecure direct object references 2) Your application is created using a language that does not support a clear distinction between code and data. Which vulnerability is most likely to occur in your application? Injection Correct Insecure direct object references Failure to restrict URL access Insufficient transport layer protection 3) Which of the following scenarios is most likely to cause an injection attack? Unvalidated input is embedded in an instruction stream. Correct Unvalidated input can be distinguished from valid instructions. A Web application does not validate a client’s access to a resource. A Web action performs an operation on behalf of the user without checking a shared sec
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