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中国海外人才流失近80万人 精英流失占全球第一

“一面是积极地吸引海外投资,一面是投资移民“蠢蠢欲动”,中美两国的资本流向格
局正在发生一些微妙的变化。

中国海外人才流失近80万

为吸引投资移民,提振低迷的房地产市场,美国国会提案称“外国人购房超50万美元可
获美国居民签证”,道理似乎很简单:在国内购买力相对住房需求极度饱和的情况下,
借助移民的力量消化过剩的房屋存量,刺激房地产市场的复苏;50万美元换来的美国永
久居留权(即“绿卡”),并不能直接找工作,但可以带来更具财富实力的消费,进而能
够打破消费萎靡不振的僵局。

美国还准备成立跨23部委的办公室,大力推动美国“招商引资”行动,并通过本国的市
场、资源优势重振美国对全球资本流动的吸引力和竞争力。

随着西方国家人口老龄化、投资外移以及内需后续增长乏力,很多国家都把移民政策作
为刺激经济的重要手段。在这样的大背景下,中国也经历了从劳工移民、留学移民到如
今以智富阶层为主力的技术移民、投资移民,中国已经经历了三次大规模的“海外移民
潮”。

在国际移民大潮中,近几年中国海外移民也呈扩大趋势。中国社科院2007年发布的《全
球政治与安全》报告显示,中国已成为世界上最大的移民输出国,中国知识精英的流失
也成为全球之首。自1978年以来,中国有107万海外留学生,而只有27.5万人回国,有
近3/4的人才流失海外。

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