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感冒并发症

小感冒大问题
俗话说:“感冒是百病之源”。感冒虽然不是什么大病,感冒可能会引发细菌感染,如不及时医治,会产生一系列问题:
1.咽炎,鼻炎,气管炎
2.肺炎:感冒,即急性上呼吸道感染,是指鼻和咽部的炎症,但如果未得到控制,炎症向下蔓延则可发展为支气管炎、肺炎并导致哮喘的复发。
3.病毒性心肌炎:病毒侵犯心肌所致。
4.病毒性脑膜炎:在机体免疫力和抵抗力下降的情况下,脑膜炎双球菌就会由呼吸道进入血液,而后达到颅内,引起脑膜炎发生炎症性改变,出现一系列临床症状。
5.肾炎:肾炎是机体对链球菌入侵的免疫反映。,但是如果你的免疫力低下,又是过敏体质,链球菌就会下行到肾脏,引起双肾弥漫性病变。
6.风湿性关节炎等许多严重疾病:西医理论认识,风湿性关节炎是由链球菌感染所引起的。当人体发生感冒后,其抵抗疾病的能力及自身免疫力下降,容易感染链球菌。
7.中耳炎:咽鼓管开口在咽部,当打哈欠或吞咽时,咽鼓管开放,有少量气体进入中耳,维持鼓膜内外气压的平衡。由于小儿生长发育尚未成熟,咽鼓管比较短且直,感冒后,炎症极易波及短而直的咽鼓管,进而累及中耳。
天气渐渐变冷了,两岁的宝宝前几天受凉患了感冒。经过一周治疗,流鼻涕、打喷嚏、发烧等症状消失了,但是一让他洗脸,棒棒就会大哭大闹。医生发现,棒棒患了中耳炎。
井水咋就犯了河水
正常情况下,耳朵、眼睛和口腔、鼻腔是相通的,连接中耳与呼吸道的通道是咽鼓管,连接眼部与呼吸道的通道是鼻泪管。咽鼓管开口在咽部,当打哈欠或吞咽时,咽鼓管开放,有少量气体进入中耳,维持鼓膜内外气压的平衡。鼻泪管开口在鼻部,在正常情况下,泪腺分泌的泪液可通过鼻泪管流入鼻腔。由于小儿生长发育尚未成熟,咽鼓管比较短且直,感冒后,炎症极易波及短而直的咽鼓管,进而累及中耳。在门诊耳鼻咽喉科就诊的中耳炎小患者中,80%以上的是感冒导致的。
早期防治 保护听力
如果中耳炎没有得到早期有效的治疗,就能发展成为慢性中耳炎,不仅治疗效果差,更重要的是,如果发展为化脓性、渗出性中耳炎,可严重影响孩子的听力。因此,在此提醒家长,孩子感冒后要留神观察他的耳朵,一旦出现异常情况,要及时检查治疗,以防因为中耳炎治疗不及时而导致听力下降。

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