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申请破产保护对底特律意味着什么?(图)



特律周四根据《美国破产法》(U.S. Bankruptcy Code)第九章申请破产保护。以下解释了此举对底特律来说意味着什么。



问:什么是《美国破产法》第九章?



答:据美国法院 (U.S. Courts)网站显示,《美国破产法》第九章特别针对市政当局的破产保护申请。在破产保护状态下,市政当局可以制定一个调整债务的方案,并就这个方案进 行磋商。除非获得州许可,否则市政当局不能申请这一破产保护。底特律紧急状态管理人奥尔(Kevyn Orr)建议提交破产保护申请,密歇根州州长斯奈德(Richard Snyder)授权提交申请。




Associated Press

图片:底特律的百年兴衰。图为1931年4月15日,福特公司的第2千万辆汽车下线。


问:此事将对底特律居民带来怎样的影响?



答:一切都将基本照旧。但一些服务可能会被缩减,该市可能会选择增税。



问:工会合同和退休金将受到什么影响?



答:工会合同可能会有大的调整,但取决于破产法官的下一步决定。退休人员的退休金可能不会被调整,但当前工人的退休金可能会减少。



问:会有资产被拍卖吗?



答:根据联邦破 产法,法官和债权人都不能强迫一个城市清算资产。这是这个城市或者紧急状态管理人将做出的决定。底特律拥有的资产有可能会被拍卖,但对于何时拍卖以及哪些 资产将被拍卖目前不得而知。据公共文件和媒体的报道,所有底特律拥有的资产都可能被拍卖,这些资产包括底特律动物园(Detroit Zoo)、一幅梵高(van Gogh)画作以及历史遗迹韦恩堡(Fort Wayne)等。



问:债权人可以通过起诉来获得偿付吗?



答:《美国破产法》第九章内容包括一个“自动中止”条款,在提出申请后,该条款将中止所有针对该市及其财产的索偿行动。这可以使该市避免被那些希望获得偿付的债权人起诉。



问:这个程序将持续多久?



答:奥尔对《华 尔街日报》(The Wall Street Journal)说,他希望在六到八个月的时间内使底特律脱离破产保护。其他市政破产专家说,他们认为这种可能性不大。近期包括阿拉巴马州杰斐逊县和加利 福尼亚州斯托克顿在内的申请破产保护的地区要么用了逾一年的时间才脱离破产保护,要么仍在破产保护程序中。



问:底特律将为此花费多少钱?



答:这取决于这个程序将持续多久,底特律可能会花费几亿美元的法律和金融费用。

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