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5 个很酷的平铺窗口管理器 | Linux 中国

Linux 桌面生态中有多种窗口管理器(WM)。有些是作为桌面环境的一部分开发的。有的则被用作独立程序。平铺窗口管理器就是这种情况,它提供了一个更轻量级的自定义环境。本文介绍了五种这样的平铺窗口管理器供你试用。
i3
i3[1] 是最受欢迎的平铺窗口管理器之一。与大多数其他此类 WM 一样,i3 专注于低资源消耗和用户可定制性。
您可以参考 Magazine 上的这篇文章[2]了解 i3 安装细节以及如何配置它。
sway
sway[3] 是一个平铺 Wayland 合成器。它有与现有 i3 配置兼容的优点,因此你可以使用它来替换 i3 并使用 Wayland 作为显示协议。
您可以使用 dnf 从 Fedora 仓库安装 sway:
  1. $ sudo dnf install sway
如果你想从 i3 迁移到 sway,这里有一个迁移指南[4]
Qtile
Qtile[5] 是另一个平铺管理器,也恰好是用 Python 编写的。默认情况下,你在位于 ~/.config/qtile/config.py 下的 Python 脚本中配置 Qtile。当此脚本不存在时,Qtile 会使用默认配置[6]
Qtile 使用 Python 的一个好处是你可以编写脚本来控制 WM。例如,以下脚本打印屏幕详细信息:
  1. > from libqtile.command import Client
  2. > c = Client()
  3. > print(c.screen.info)
  4. {'index': 0, 'width': 1920, 'height': 1006, 'x': 0, 'y': 0}
要在 Fedora 上安装 Qlite,请使用以下命令:
  1. $ sudo dnf install qtile
dwm
dwm[7] 窗口管理器更侧重于轻量级。该项目的一个目标是保持 dwm 最小。例如,整个代码库从未超过 2000 行代码。另一方面,dwm 不容易定制和配置。实际上,改变 dwm 默认配置的唯一方法是编辑源代码并重新编译程序[8]
如果你想尝试默认配置,你可以使用 dnf 在 Fedora 中安装 dwm:
  1. $ sudo dnf install dwm
对于那些想要改变 dwm 配置的人,Fedora 中有一个 dwm-user 包。该软件包使用用户主目录中 ~/.dwm/config.h 的配置自动重新编译 dwm。
awesome
awesome[9] 最初是作为 dwm 的一个分支开发,使用外部配置文件提供 WM 的配置。配置通过 Lua 脚本完成,这些脚本允许你编写脚本以自动执行任务或创建 widget。
你可以使用这个命令在 Fedora 上安装 awesome:
  1. $ sudo dnf install awesome

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