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我该不该提前还房贷

 
一.投资房(出租屋)

首先,投资房的收入按投资动机/来源分为以下两类(种),分开分析:

(1)靠现金流收入(Positive cash flow)
也就是把房子租出去之后,租金减去房贷,地税,保险,物业管理费(HOA)等所有支出剩下来的钱。大部分地主们买了投资房不会马上卖出去,只要租金能cover这些个费用,不倒亏钱就行。以后每个月收收租子存进银行,长久也是一笔可观的收入。在这种情况下,不建议提前还款,因为首先现金永远是最值钱的资产,不提前还款的钱可以用於其它投资,比如买更多好的,有价值的投资房,也可以投资股票,孩子的教育,甚至是出去玩等等,比还房贷得到的回报率更高。另外,投资房的贷款利息(mortgage interest)在税表的Schedule E上还能够抵不少income tax。

(2)靠卖房赚差价(Flip):
这种赚快钱的情况是贷款把房子买下来,然后在较短的时间内把房子装修一下,三四个月就以比买价高不少的价格卖出去赚取差价。如此一来,是否提前还贷都无所谓了,因为贷款顶多就在手上拿几个月,等卖出去了就不存在提前还贷的问题了。

二.自住屋

自住屋提前还款的唯一考量就是利率高低,如果利率低,没有必要提前还款;如果利率高,且在短时间之内又没有什麽机会做no cost refinance,那麽每个月可以尽量提前还一些本金,降低总利息。

综上所述,个人认为如果不是利率太高,房贷没有必要提前还。贷款(无论是不是房贷)最原始和最核心的作用,就是让拿不出现金做某件事的人得到现金去做想做的事情,让钱发挥最大效用,代价则是利息。如果这个代价不是太高,我们确实没有必要把银行“给”我们的钱再吐出来提前还回去(否则贷款干什麽呢?)。但是,这个底线是生活压力不能太大,参考值为Debt-to-Income ratio(DTI)不超过50%,即每个月的房租,房贷,地税,保险,车贷,学生贷款,信用卡最低还款额的支出总和不超过税前月收入的的50%,余下50%要留给其它开销作为缓冲(reserve)。当然了,最低还款额还是要按时支付的。

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