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关于Collection(以及与房东的争端)


我的理解,希望有所帮助。
如果你欠了钱没有还,你的债主一般没法直接派人来收拾你。也有的时候,你根本没有
欠钱,而对方(比如恶房东)非说你欠了钱。这时候你的债主会把债务以低价卖给讨债
公司(Collection agency),一般都有比较低的折扣,比如25%,甚至更低。

也就是说,在这种情况下,原来的债主已经承认了坏账,接受了只能拿到四分之一的现
实。而讨债公司,则面对无法讨到债的风险。他们事实上是付了一部分钱给原债主(这
点我不确定)但是对他们来说,风险都是存在的。一般来说,讨债公司不管怎样都会先
给你一封信讨债,并且不会马上报告信用局。因为这样对于他们来说,后面麻烦更大。
我们要记住,现在谁,有什么利益,有什么风险,才能分析出如何对付讨债问题。

那么,我们分两种情况来讨论,一是你确实欠钱,比如忘记付了,你希望消除信用记录
可能的影响。这时候怎么办?二是你根本不欠钱,希望讨回公道,并且消除记录,这时
候又怎么办。对于1,2我都有成功纪录,所以简单介绍一下,希望有所帮助。基本原则
,refuse to talk about the debt over the phone!任何来往,都必须有书面证据。

情况1. 你欠了钱,当然要还,问题是还给谁?如上所述,债主其实已经承受了损失,
而讨债公司这时候还没有什么投入。第一步,你应该查询信用纪录,确认讨债公司还没
有上报,然后对讨债公司发出强硬的"cease and desist" 邮件。邮件里面主要是要求1
. 停止骚扰, 2. 提供其讨债执照, 3. 提供所有债务证明。依法,讨债公司若30天内不
回复,则他们的所有讨债都无效。邮件需要有回执,表示他们确实收到。sample 在网
上都有。比如

http://www.fairdebtfaircredit.com/Dispute-Letters-example.pdf

接下来,你应该去找原债主,告诉他们你忘了付钱,非常抱歉,希望全额付款。他们肯
定很高兴——作为坏账,他们已经损失了,这时候你全额付款,而他们只要付很小一部
分钱给讨债公司来取消原来的claim,何乐而不为。一般他们都会愿意收回债务。

这时候你应该给他们寄一张restrictive endorsed支票。不要用什么信用卡,一定要用
支票。在支票后面的endorsement部分,写上他们如果兑现支票,则必须消除所有信用
记录的影响。参考

http://educationcenter2000.com/debt_collectors/restrictive_endo

这样就完事了。

情况2. 这种情况,你不欠钱,“债主”拿到一分钱就赚一分,他们乐得卖掉你的“债
”。因此你付钱就傻了,必须闹到鸡飞狗跳,让债主不得安生,才能销账。我是这么做
的,第一步,仍然是cease and desist信,发给agency,然后,如果你怕信用记录受影
响,就先付钱给collection agency,一样写上restrictive endorsement,也可以等
prove到了再说。其间你可以挂几个电话给agency,胡扯你可能准备付钱(这时候反而
死活就打电话,反正不算数)。而后开始疯狂BBB“债主”,额度小的上small claim法
庭。总之,搞得他们鸡犬不宁。我的“债主”在我连续3次BBB之后,把我付给
collection agency得钱全额退还,还有formal的道歉信。

讨债公司不可怕。

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