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不动产投资信托


不动产投资信托(又称房地产投资信托房产信托地产信托,英文简称 REITIPA:/ɹit/),为 Real Estate Investment Trust的缩写),是一种类似封闭式共同基金,但投资标的物为不动产的投资工具。不动产投资信托由美国国会1960年创造,主要是借由不动产证券化及许多投资人的资金集资,使没有庞大资本的一般投资人也能以较低门槛参与不动产市场,获得不动产市场交易、租金与增值所带来的获利。同时投资人又不需要实质持有不动产标的,并可在证券市场交易,因此市场流通性优于不动产。
不动产投资信托的特点是信托主要收入来自租金,因此收益较为稳定,而信托亦必须将未来绝大部分的盈余用作派息。正因如此,不动产投资信托的派息率远高于市面一般股票。
据一般观察,不动产投资信托的风险报酬约居于股票公债之间。不动产投资信托同时投资多项不动产标的,可分散风险。而另一方面由于其不动产的特性,也使得不动产投资信托在对抗通货膨胀时特别有利。
投资不动产投资信托时,应留意景气区位等因素将影响空置率的高低、经营者的经营管理策略及是否善尽管理责任、承租户是否正常缴纳租金,以判断收益分配及REITs净值及股价是否将受到影响。并观察历史成交股价,以较低持有成本获取较高年化利率。

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