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How does Ethernet work? How big is an Ethernet address?

Ethernet is normally a shared media LAN. All stations on the segment share the total bandwidth,
which is 10 Mbps (Ethernet), 100 Mbps, (Fast Ethernet) or 1000 Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet). With
switched Ethernet, each sender and receiver pair has the full bandwidth.
Ethernet uses the CSMA/CD technology to broadcast each frame onto the physical medium (wire,
fiber etc.). All stations attached to the Ethernet are "listening," and the station with the matching
destination address accepts the frame and checks for errors. It is a data link protocol (MAC layer
protocol) and functions at layers 1 and 2 of the OSI model. A unique number is assigned to each
Ethernet network adapter. It is a 48-bit number maintained by the IEEE.
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