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What is a bridge? A router? A gateway?

A bridge is an intermediate system used to connect two LANs that use similar LAN protocols.
The bridge acts as an address filter, picking-up packets from one LAN that are intended for a
destination on another LAN and passing those packets on. It operates at layer 2 of the OSI model.
A router used to connect two networks that may or may not be similar. Router employs an internet
protocol present in each router and each end system of the network. It operates at layer 3 of the
OSI model.
A gateway performs protocol conversion between different types of networks or applications. For
example, a gateway can convert a TCP/IP packet to a NetWare IPX packet and vice versa, or from
AppleTalk to DECnet, from SNA to AppleTalk and so on. Gateways function at layer 4 of the OSI
model.
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